浅谈如何怎样正确的使用直流高压发生器

浅谈如何怎(zen)样(yang)正确(que)的使(shi)用直流高(gao)压发生器(qi)容试品升压时还需监视电流表直流高(gao)压发生器(qi)

联接电缆线不应(ying)有断路和短路, 直(zhi)流发(fa)生(sheng)器在使用前应(ying)检查其(qi)完好(hao)性.设(she)备无破裂(lie)等(deng)损(sun)坏。

分别(bie)联(lian)接(jie)好(hao)电(dian)源线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、电(dian)缆线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和接(jie)地(di)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。维护接(jie)地(di)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)与工作接(jie)地(di)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)以及放电(dian)棒(bang)的(de)接(jie)地(di)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)均应单独接(jie)到试品的(de)地(di)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)上(shang)（即一点接(jie)地(di)）严禁各接(jie)地(di)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)相互串联(lian)使用(yong),   将机箱、倍(bei)压筒放置到合(he)适的(de)平安的(de)位置.以免击穿时地(di)电(dian)位抬高形(xing)成反击,损(sun)坏仪器。

并检(jian)查调压电位(wei)器应在零位(wei)上(shang)(shang),检(jian)查电源开关是否在关断的(de)位(wei)置(zhi)上(shang)(shang).过电压维护整(zheng)定拨盘开关设置(zhi)在适当(dang)的(de)位(wei)置(zhi)上(shang)(shang),一般(ban)为1.101.20倍测(ce)试电压值(zhi)。

空载(zai)升压验(yan)证(zheng)过电压维护整定值

50Hz.接通电源开关,请认准(zhun)电源是单相交流220V.此时(shi)绿灯(deng)亮(liang),表示电源接通。

则红灯亮,按(an)红色(se)按(an)钮(niu).表示(shi)高压接通。

输(shu)出端即从零开始升(sheng)(sheng)压(ya)(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)(sheng)到所需的电(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)后,    顺时针(zhen)方向平缓调节调压(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)位器粗调和细调.按规定(ding)时间记(ji)录电(dian)流(liu)表读数,并检查控制(zhi)箱及输(shu)出电(dian)缆有无异常(chang)现象及声(sheng)响。必要(yao)时用外(wai)接高压(ya)(ya)(ya)分压(ya)(ya)(ya)器校准控制(zhi)箱上的直流(liu)高压(ya)(ya)(ya)指示。

将调压电(dian)(dian)位器回零后,降压.随后按(an)绿(lv)色按(an)钮,切断高(gao)压并(bing)关(guan)闭电(dian)(dian)源开关(guan)。

对试品进行泄漏及直流(liu)耐压试验

将高压(ya)屏蔽微(wei)安(an)表(biao)安(an)装到(dao)高压(ya)倍压(ya)筒上的(de)高压(ya)输出端上,做负载试验前.并(bing)将配套(tao)的(de)屏蔽线分别接到(dao)微(wei)安(an)表(biao)上和被试品上（详细请见高压(ya)屏蔽微(wei)安(an)表(biao)使用说明书(shu)）

接(jie)(jie)地线联接(jie)(jie)是(shi)否(fou)可靠,检查(cha)仪器、放电棒、倍(bei)压筒、试品(pin)联接(jie)(jie)线、接(jie)(jie)地线是(shi)否(fou)正(zheng)确.检查(cha)高(gao)压平安距离是(shi)否(fou)符合(he)要(yao)求,方可开始进行(xing)试品(pin)的高(gao)压试验。

接(jie)通单相交(jiao)流(liu)220V电源(yuan)(yuan)开(kai)关(guan), 检查确认仪(yi)器等(deng)无异(yi)常情况后.此时绿灯(deng)亮,表(biao)示(shi)电源(yuan)(yuan)接(jie)通。可开(kai)始进(jin)行试(shi)品的直(zhi)流(liu)泄漏(lou)和直(zhi)流(liu)耐压试(shi)验。

则红灯亮,     按(an)红色按(an)钮.表示高压(ya)接通,待升高压(ya)。

输(shu)出端(duan)即从零开始升压(ya)(ya)。升压(ya)(ya)速度以每秒3-5kV上(shang)升试(shi)验电(dian)压(ya)(ya)为(wei)宜。对于大电(dian)容试(shi)品升压(ya)(ya)时(shi)更要缓(huan)慢升压(ya)(ya),    顺时(shi)针方向平缓(huan)调节(jie)调压(ya)(ya)电(dian)位器(qi)粗调和细(xi)调.否则可能(neng)导致电(dian)压(ya)(ya)过冲,还需监(jian)视电(dian)流表(biao)充(chong)电(dian)电(dian)流不逾越直流发生(sheng)器(qi)的(de)zui大充(chong)电(dian)电(dian)流。当升到所需的(de)电(dian)压(ya)(ya)或电(dian)流后,按规定时(shi)间记录电(dian)流表(biao)及电(dian)压(ya)(ya)表(biao)的(de)读(du)数。

降压(ya),试(shi)验完毕后.将调压(ya)电(dian)位器粗调和(he)细(xi)调回零后,随后按(an)绿色按(an)钮(niu),切断高压(ya)并(bing)关闭(bi)电(dian)源开关。

应用放(fang)电(dian)棒(bang)对试(shi)品(pin)(pin)进行(xing)多次放(fang)电(dian),试(shi)验完(wan)毕后(hou)(hou).放(fang)电(dian)后(hou)(hou)方可靠近试(shi)品(pin)(pin)和拆线工作（放(fang)电(dian)请详细(xi)见放(fang)电(dian)棒(bang)使用说(shuo)明书）

再用细调(diao)电(dian)位器(qi)缓缓升(sheng)压(ya)(ya)(ya)到(dao)(dao)所需的(de)电(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)（电(dian)流(liu)(liu)）值,对(dui)小电(dian)容试品如(ru)氧(yang)化(hua)锌避雷器(qi)、磁吹避雷器(qi)等先用粗调(diao)升(sheng)到(dao)(dao)所需电(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)（电(dian)流(liu)(liu)）90%.然后从数(shu)显表(biao)上读出电(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)（电(dian)流(liu)(liu)）数(shu)值。如(ru)需对(dui)氧(yang)化(hua)锌避雷器(qi)进(jin)行75%VDC-1mA 丈量(liang)时(shi),应先升(sheng)到(dao)(dao)电(dian)流(liu)(liu)到(dao)(dao)1mA 时(shi)电(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)值停止（这时(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)记录电(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)、电(dian)流(liu)(liu)值）,然后按(an)下黄色按(an)钮,电(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)即降(jiang)到(dao)(dao)原(yuan)来的(de)75%,并坚持此(ci)状态(tai)。此(ci)时(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)读取微安表(biao)数(shu)值及(ji)电(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)值。丈量(liang)完毕后,调(diao)压(ya)(ya)(ya)电(dian)位器(qi)逆时(shi)针(zhen)回到(dao)(dao)零位,按(an)下绿色按(an)钮,需再次升(sheng)压(ya)(ya)(ya)时(shi)按(an)红色按(an)钮即可(ke)(ke)(ke)。

升压(ya)应更(geng)要缓慢,对大电(dian)(dian)(dian)容试品时.并需要监视电(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)表充电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不逾(yu)越发生(sheng)器(qi)的zui大充电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu),一定要放慢升压(ya)速度,防止充电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)过大。试验完毕后(hou),将(jiang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)调节电(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)器(qi)逆时针回到(dao)零位(wei)上(shang),随后(hou)按绿色按钮(niu),切(qie)断高压(ya)。此时注(zhu)意(yi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)表上(shang)的电(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)降到(dao)15kV左右,方(fang)可用放电(dian)(dian)(dian)棒进行(xing)多次放电(dian)(dian)(dian),确保(bao)平(ping)安。

 怎(zen)样更好(hao)的使(shi)用(yong)直流(liu)高压发生器呢(ni)？下面我以(yi)氧化锌避雷器的试验(yan)为实例讲讲具体的试验(yan)过程：

 

当接好线后(hou),一般(ban)丈(zhang)量时(shi).先把联接试(shi)品的(de)线悬空,升(sheng)到试(shi)验电(dian)压后(hou),读取空试(shi)时(shi)的(de)电(dian)晕和(he)杂散电(dian)流I′,然后(hou)接上试(shi)品升(sheng)到试(shi)验电(dian)压,读取总电(dian)流I1

试品(pin)泄(xie)漏电流:I0=I1-I′

应在(zai)高(gao)(gao)压回路中(zhong)串(chuan)接(jie)高(gao)(gao)压屏(ping)蔽(bi)微(wei)安表应采用屏(ping)蔽(bi)线(xian)与(yu)试(shi)品联接(jie),   当需要(yao)精密(mi)丈量被试(shi)品的(de)(de)泄(xie)(xie)漏电流时.高(gao)(gao)压引(yin)(yin)(yin)线(xian)的(de)(de)屏(ping)蔽(bi)引(yin)(yin)(yin)出应与(yu)仪表端(duan)的(de)(de)屏(ping)蔽(bi)紧密(mi)联接(jie)。如果要(yao)排(pai)除试(shi)品外表泄(xie)(xie)漏电流的(de)(de)影(ying)响,可在(zai)试(shi)品高(gao)(gao)电位端(duan)用裸金属软线(xian)紧密(mi)绕几圈(quan)后与(yu)高(gao)(gao)压引(yin)(yin)(yin)线(xian)的(de)(de)屏(ping)蔽(bi)相联接(jie)

也可采用(yong)在试(shi)(shi)品(pin)的底对氧化锌避(bi)(bi)雷器、磁吹避(bi)(bi)雷器等试(shi)(shi)品(pin)接地端可分开的情况(kuang)下(xia).

但也必(bi)需使(shi)用(yong)屏(ping)蔽线。当要(yao)排除试品外表泄(xie)漏电(dian)流的影响,部（地电(dian)位侧）串入(ru)电(dian)流表进行丈量的方式.可用(yong)软的裸(luo)铜线在(zai)试品地电(dian)位端绕(rao)上几圈与屏(ping)蔽相(xiang)联(lian)接(jie)。

降压(ya),试(shi)验完毕.将(jiang)调压(ya)电位器(qi)回(hui)零(ling)后,随后按绿色(se)按钮,切断高压(ya)并关闭电源开关。

一(yi)般(ban)通过(guo)测压(ya)电(dian)(dian)阻放(fang)电(dian)(dian), 对(dui)于氧(yang)化锌(xin)避雷器等(deng)小电(dian)(dian)容(rong)试(shi)品(pin).时间很快(kuai)。而(er)对(dui)电(dian)(dian)缆、电(dian)(dian)机等(deng)大电(dian)(dian)容(rong)试(shi)品(pin),一(yi)般(ban)要等(deng)待试(shi)品(pin)电(dian)(dian)压(ya)自放(fang)电(dian)(dian)到试(shi)验(yan)电(dian)(dian)压(ya)的20%以下(xia),再通过(guo)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)棒进行放(fang)电(dian)(dian)。待试(shi)品(pin)充分(fen)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)后并(bing)挂好接(jie)地(di)线,才允(yun)许(xu)进行高(gao)压(ya)引线的撤除和更换接(jie)线工作。

试验范公司生(sheng)(sheng)产(chan)的直流(liu)高(gao)压发生(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)的通用(yong)性适用(yong)范围(wei)从10KV500KV电压等级都俱全。

 

扬州(zhou)国试电气有限公(gong)司所生(sheng)产的(de)直流高压发(fa)生(sheng)器具有应用范围广，围基本包括(kuo)所有的(de)直流试验项目。

 

过载能(neng)力强电压(ya)精度高，容量大。稳定性好，携带(dai)方便，维(wei)护性能(neng)全等优点。

 

   rxzgF系列直(zhi)流(liu)高压发生器是根(gen)据新的(de)中(zhong)国电(dian)力行业规范DL/T848.1-2004直(zhi)流(liu)高压发生器通用

 

技术(shu)条(tiao)件》设计制造的(de)新一代便携式直流高压发生(sheng)器。主(zhu)要适用于电力部(bu)门、工(gong)矿、冶金(jin)、钢铁等企(qi)

 

业动力(li)部门对氧化锌避雷(lei)器(qi)、电力(li)电缆、变(bian)压(ya)器(qi)、发(fa)电机等高压(ya)电气设(she)备进行(xing)直流耐压(ya)试验(yan)。

 

直流(liu)高压发生器的通用性操(cao)作(zuo)方法：

 

 

连(lian)接电缆(lan)不应(ying)有断路和短路， 1直流高压发生器在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)前应(ying)检(jian)查其完好性。设(she)备无破裂等(deng)损坏。

 

维护(hu)接(jie)地(di)线(xian)(xian)与工作接(jie)地(di)   2将机箱(xiang)、倍压筒放置到合适位置分别连接(jie)好(hao)电缆(lan)线(xian)(xian)、接(jie)地(di)线(xian)(xian)和电源线(xian)(xian)。

 

为   线(xian)以及放电棒的接(jie)地(di)(di)(di)线(xian)均应(ying)单(dan)独(du)接(jie)到试品的地(di)(di)(di)线(xian)上（即一点接(jie)地(di)(di)(di)）严禁各(ge)接(jie)地(di)(di)(di)线(xian)相互串联。

 

应使(shi)用ZGF接地线。    此。

 

   3电源开关(guan)(guan)放在关(guan)(guan)断位置并检查调压电位器应(ying)在零位。过电压维护(hu)整定值(zhi)一般为试验电压的1.1

 

    倍。

 

  4直流高(gao)压(ya)发生器空载升压(ya)检(jian)测过电压(ya)维护整定是否灵敏。

 

此时(shi)绿灯亮，  5接(jie)通电源(yuan)开关(guan)。表(biao)示电源(yuan)接(jie)通。

 

则(ze)红(hong)灯(deng)亮，  6按(an)红(hong)色(se)按(an)钮。表示高压接(jie)通。

 

输(shu)出端即从零开始升(sheng)压(ya)，  7顺时针方向(xiang)平(ping)缓调节调压(ya)电(dian)位器(qi)。升(sheng)至所(suo)需电(dian)压(ya)后，按规(gui)定(ding)时间(jian)记(ji)录(lu)

 

并检查控制箱及高压输出线(xian)有(you)无异常现象及声(sheng)响。  电(dian)流表读数。

 

将调(diao)压(ya)电位(wei)器(qi)回(hui)零后，  8降(jiang)压(ya)。随即按绿色(se)按钮，切断高压(ya)并(bing)关(guan)闭电源开(kai)关(guan)。

 

即可开始进(jin)行(xing)试(shi)  9对试(shi)品进(jin)行(xing)泄漏及(ji)直流耐压试(shi)验。进(jin)行(xing)检查试(shi)验确认试(shi)验器无异(yi)常情况后。

 

检查无误(wu)后即(ji)打开电源。  品(pin)的(de)泄漏及直(zhi)流耐(nai)压试验。将试品(pin)、地线等联接好。

 

  10升压至(zhi)所需电(dian)(dian)压或电(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)充电(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不逾(yu)越试验器的zui大(da)充电(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)。对小(xiao)电(dian)(dian)容试品如(ru)氧化锌避(bi)雷

 

再缓慢仔细升(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)所需的电(dian)压（电(dian)流(liu)）,  器、磁吹避雷器等先升(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)所需电(dian)压（电(dian)源）95%.然后从数显表

 

先(xian)升至UDC1mA 电(dian)压值(zhi)， 上(shang)读出电(dian)压（电(dian)流）值(zhi).如需对氧化锌(xin)避雷(lei)器进(jin)行0.75UDC1mA 丈量时。然后

 

此(ci)时(shi)电压即(ji)降至原来(lai)的75%并(bing)坚持此(ci)状态。此(ci)时(shi)可(ke)读取微安数。丈量完毕后，  按(an)(an)下黄色按(an)(an)钮。调

 

  压(ya)(ya)电位器逆时(shi)针回到零按下绿色(se)按钮。需再次升(sheng)压(ya)(ya)时(shi)按红(hong)色(se)按钮即可。

 

 

  必要(yao)时(shi)用(yong)外接高(gao)压(ya)分压(ya)器(qi)比对控制箱上的(de)直(zhi)流高(gao)压(ya)指示(shi)。

 

降压，  11试验完毕。关(guan)闭电源。

 

  12几种(zhong)测量方法：

 

当接(jie)好线(xian)后(hou)，   a.一(yi)般(ban)丈(zhang)量时(shi)。先把(ba)联接(jie)试(shi)(shi)品(pin)的(de)(de)线(xian)悬空，升到(dao)试(shi)(shi)验电压后(hou)读取(qu)空试(shi)(shi)时(shi)的(de)(de)电晕和杂散

 

  电(dian)流I然后接上试品升(sheng)到试验电(dian)压力读取总电(dian)流。升(sheng)压速度以每秒35KV试验电(dian)压为宜。